Incidencia de hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica sintomática y asintomática / Incidence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Introducción y objetivosEvaluar la incidencia de hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica (HPTEC) sintomática y asintomática en una cohorte de pacientes con tromboembolia de pulmón (TEP), y las variables predictoras de su aparición.MétodosEstudio prospectivo de cohorte de 110 pacientes consecutivos diagnosticados de TEP en un hospital universitario terciario, y seguidos durante 24 meses. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a una ecocardiografía transtorácica (ETT) al final del seguimiento. En los pacientes sintomáticos con una presión sistólica pulmonar estimada (PAP) ≥40mmHg se realizó un cateterismo cardiaco derecho para confirmar la HPTEC. En los pacientes asintomáticos se repitió la ETT a los 6 meses de la primera y, si la PAP se mantenía por encima de 40mmHg, se indicó un cateterismo cardiaco.ResultadosSe confirmó HPTEC en 10 pacientes de la serie (9,1%; intervalo de confianza [IC] 95%, 3,7 a 14,5%). Todos los pacientes con HPTEC presentaron síntomas sugestivos de la enfermedad. La edad (riesgo relativo [RR] ajustado 1,2 por cada año; IC 95%, 1,0 a 1,3; p=0,03) y el antecedente de TEP (RR 5,7; IC 95%, 1,5 a 22,0; p=0,01) se asociaron de forma estadísticamente significativa al diagnóstico de HPTEC.ConclusionesLa incidencia de HPTEC es más frecuente de lo descrito previamente en la literatura. La asociación entre las recurrencias tromboembólicas y la HPTEC sugiere la necesidad de optimizar la duración y la intensidad del tratamiento anticoagulante en los pacientes con TEP. No se detectaron episodios de HPTEC en pacientes asintomáticos(AU)

Introduction and objectivesTo assess the incidence of long-term symptomatic and asymptomatic chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in a cohort of patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), and the potential risk factors for its diagnosis.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, long-term, follow-up study in 110 consecutive patients with an acute episode of pulmonary embolism (PE). All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) two years after the diagnosis of PE was made. If systolic pulmonary artery pressure exceeded 40mmHg and there was evidence of residual PE either by ventilation-perfusion or CT scan, patients underwent right heart catheterisation to confirm the diagnosis. In asymptomatic patients, right heart catheterisation was performed if a repeated TTE still demonstrated persistent pulmonary hypertension six months after the first.ResultsCTEPH was diagnosed in 10 (6 patients during follow-up, and 4 at the end of the study) of the 110 patients (9.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7 to 14.5%). All patients showed symptoms related to the disease according to a structured questionnaire. In the multivariate regression analysis, only concomitant age (relative risk [RR] 1.2 per age; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.3; P=0.03) and previous PE (RR 5.7; IC 95%, 1.5 a 22.0; P=0.01) were independent predictors of CTEPH.ConclusionsCTEPH cumulative incidence appears to be higher than previously reported. All patients had symptoms related to the disease(AU)

[Incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension]. / Incidencia de hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica sintomática y asintomática.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the incidence of long-term symptomatic and asymptomatic chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in a cohort of patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), and the potential risk factors for its diagnosis. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, long-term, follow-up study in 110 consecutive patients with an acute episode of pulmonary embolism (PE). All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) two years after the diagnosis of PE was made. If systolic pulmonary artery pressure exceeded 40 mm Hg and there was evidence of residual PE either by ventilation-perfusion or CT scan, patients underwent right heart catheterisation to confirm the diagnosis. In asymptomatic patients, right heart catheterisation was performed if a repeated TTE still demonstrated persistent pulmonary hypertension six months after the first. RESULTS: CTEPH was diagnosed in 10 (6 patients during follow-up, and 4 at the end of the study) of the 110 patients (9.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7 to 14.5%). All patients showed symptoms related to the disease according to a structured questionnaire. In the multivariate regression analysis, only concomitant age (relative risk [RR] 1.2 per age; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.3; P=0.03) and previous PE (RR 5.7; IC 95%, 1.5 a 22.0; P=0.01) were independent predictors of CTEPH. CONCLUSIONS: CTEPH cumulative incidence appears to be higher than previously reported. All patients had symptoms related to the disease.